Noninvasive or transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation refers to stimulation of the vagus nerve without penetrating the skin using an external device and surface electrode. The vagus nerve provides a unique access to the brain via its auricular branch, allowing it to modulate subcortical brain areas involved in neurophysiological and neuroinflammatory repair pathways. The transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulator is connected to the left ear via an electrode. In this method, the nerve is artificially stimulated with electrical impulses.
